Introductory Concepts
Elementary Relationships
Extensions of Verbal Behavior
Multiple Controlling Relationships
Building on the Elementary Relationships
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25.6 Other Verbal Operants

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What type of stimuli would result in metaphorical extension in the other elementary verbal relationships? In the echoic, the stimulus would have to have partial point-to-point correspondence. In textual behavior, the stimulus would either resemble letters or might consist of partially obscured letters. Unusual spellings or misspellings could also result in metaphorical extension. In intraverbal behavior, only part of the relevant aspects of a definition or description might be present. You might say “reinforcement,” for example, as a result of hearing about any stimulus change that follows a response.

Metaphorical Extension

An instance of verbal behavior with the following features:

The response form has been previously acquired

The stimulus must be novel

The novel stimulus has some, but not all, of the relevant features of the stimulus that previously controlled the response

The type of elementary verbal relationship between the stimulus and the response

Formal and dynamic characteristics of both the stimulus and the response

Whether or not the current response is followed by reinforcement

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